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फ़िलीपींस में वैज्ञानिकों को मिली इंसान की एक और प्रजाति , नाम है- होमो लूज़ोनेसिस

D.N. Yogi D.N. YogiApril 11, 2019
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मानव प्रजाति की सूची में एक और नया नाम जुड़ गया है जिसके अवशेष फ़िलीपीन्स क एक गुफ़ा में मिले हैं.

विलुप्त हो चुकी इस नई प्रजाति के अवशेष फिलीपीन्स के सबसे बड़े द्वीप लूज़ोन में पाए गए हैं जिसके बाद इस प्रजाति का नाम होमो लूज़ोनेसिस रखा गया है.

इस प्रजाति में पाए जाने वाली कुछ-कुछ भौतिक विशेषताएं प्राचीन मानव प्रजातियों और आज की मानव प्रजाति से मिलती-जुलती हैं.

अंदाज़ा लगाया जा रहा है कि प्राचीन मानव के ये सम्बन्धी अफ़्रीका से जुड़े हो सकते हैं जो बाद में दक्षिण पूर्व एशिया में आ कर बस गए होंगे. इन अवशेषों की खोज से पहले ऐसा होना लगभग असंभव माना जा रहा था.

इस खोज के बाद अब ये माना जा रहा है कि फ़िलिपीन्स और इस प्रांत में मानव प्रजाति का विकास बेहद पेचीदा रहा हो सकता है क्योंकि यहां पहले से ही तीन या फिर उससे अधिक मानव प्रजातियां रह रही थीं.

लंदन के नैचुरल हिस्ट्री म्यूज़ियम के प्रोफ़ेसर क्रिस स्ट्रिंगर का कहना है, “2004 में नाटे कद वाली  मानव प्रजाति होमो फ्लोरेसीन्सिस  के बारे में जानकारी प्रकाशित हुई थी. उस वक्त मैंने कहा था कि मानव प्रजाति खोजने का जो काम फ्लोर्स पर किया गया है उसे इलाके के और द्वापों में भी क्या जाना चहिए.”

“मेरा अंदाज़ा सही था. उससे करीब 3 हज़ार किलोमीटर की दूरी पर मौजूद लूज़ोन द्वीप पर कामयाबी मिली है.”

'हॉबिट' या होमो फ्लोरेसीन्सिसइमेज कॉपीरइटSPL
Image caption‘हॉबिट’ या होमो फ्लोरेसीन्सिस

नेचर पत्रिका के अनुसार होमो लूज़ोनेसिस के अवशेष लूज़ोन के उत्तर में मौजूद कैलाओ गुफा में मिले हैं. बताया जा रहा है कि ये 67 हज़ार से 50 हज़ार साल पुराने हैं.

गुफा में मिलने वाले अवशेषों में मानव शरीर के तीन हिस्से मिले हैं जिनमें दांत, हाथ और पैरों की हड्डियां शामिल हैं. ये अवशेष चार लोगों के हैं जिनमें एक युवा का अवशेष है. इन्हें 2007 में गुफा की खुदाई के वक्त निकाला गया था.

होमो लूज़ोनेसिस की कुछ विशेषताएं आज के दौर की मानव प्रजाति से मिलती हैं, जबकि कई विशेषताएं जैसे कि ऑस्ट्रलोपिथेसीन की तरह सीधे खड़े हो कर चलना और अफ्ऱीका में पाई गई बंदर से मिलती-जुलती मानव प्रजाति जैसी हैं जो करीब 20 से 40 लाख सालों यहां पाए जाते थे. इनकी कुछ विशेषताएं प्राचीन होमो जाति से भी मिलती हैं.

हाथों और पैरों की उंगलियां भीतर की तरफ मुड़ी हुई हैं जो इस बात की ओर इशारा करती हैं कि ये लोग पेड़ों पर चढ़ते होंगे.

  • होमो लूज़ोनेसिसइमेज कॉपीरइटFLORENT DETROIT
Image captionहोमो लूज़ोनेसिस के दांत

अगर इस बात के पुख़्ता सबूत मिलें कि ऑस्ट्रलोपिथेसीन जैसी प्रजातियां दक्षिण पूर्व एशिया तक पहुंच पाई थीं तो इससे इस बात का अंदाज़ा लग सकता है कि मानव इतिहास के कौन से वंशज अफ्ऱीका से सबसे पहले बाहर निकले थे.

माना जाता है किहोमो इरेक्टस वो पहली प्रजाति थी जो 19 लाख साल पहले अफ्ऱीका छोड़ कर बाहर आए थे.

लूज़ोन द्वीप चारों ओर से पानी से घिरा है और इस कारण नई खोज ने इस पर सवाल खड़े कर दिए हैं कि आख़िर वो इस द्वीप पर कैसे पहुंचे होंगे.

होमो लूज़ोनेसिस के साथ-साथ दक्षिण पूर्व एशिया में डेनिसोवन्स नाम की एक मानव प्रजाति भी पाई जाती थी. माना जाता है कि इस इलाके में आने के बाद ये प्रजाति होमो सेपियन्स के घुल-मिल गई थी.

यह डीएनए विश्लेषण के आधार माना जाता है, क्योंकि इस इलाके में डेनिसोवन्स के कोई जीवाश्म नहीं पाए गए हैं. कैलाओ गुफ़ाइमेज कॉपीरइटFLORENT DETROIT

Image captionलूज़ोन का कैलाओ गुफ़ा अब पर्यटकों के लिए खोल दिया गया है

इंडोनिशिया का फ्लोर्स द्वीप होमो फ्लोरेसीन्सिस का घर माना जाता है जिन्हें उनके नाटे कद के कारण हॉबिट्स भी कहा जाता है.

माना जाता है कि वो करीब एक लाख साल पहले धरती पर रहते थे और 50 हज़ार साल पहले ख़त्म हो गए थे. और उनके जाने के साथ ही आधुनिक मानव के धरती पर आने का वक्त शुरु हुआ था.

वैज्ञानिकों का मानना है कि होमो फ्लोरेसीन्सिस में पाई जाने वाली कुछ विशेषताएं ऑस्ट्रलोपिथेसीन में भी देखी गई थीं. लेकिन कुछ शोधकर्ताओं का मानना है कि होमो फ्लोरेसीन्सिस , होमो इरेक्टस की वंशावली में आते हैं.

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D.N. Yogi D.N. YogiApril 11, 2019
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    Tableau software quickly turns raw data into easily understandable dashboards and charts. The company has been broadening its product line to include data cleanup and machine learning tools, enabling it to compete in the wider data-warehousing business. It has more than 86,000 customers, including Verizon Communications Inc. and Netflix Inc. Speaking of having access to data from a diverse range of sources, something everybody loves about Salesforce is Einstein. A huge reason why is it gives you a picture of who your customer is and what they’re interested in. So, how does it do that? Its been reported that a company uses data from at least 15 different sources to build a complete customer profile. It makes sense to have a source where data can be consolidated, and that’s what Salesforce has been working on. There has been chatter about Salesforce’s Customer 360 initiative, an attempt to offer users a detailed look at customers.

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